African Basil Plant

African Basil Plant (Ocimum gratissimum) is a vigorous perennial herb treasured for its powerful clove fragrance, cultural history and impressive size.

Ocimum gratissimum originates in the tropical regions of Africa and Asia, where families, communities, and spiritual leaders have cultivated it around homes, temples, and sacred spaces for generations. People commonly call it African Basil, Clove Basil, Vana Tulsi, and Sacred Basil.

Although some people call this species Holy Basil or Tulsi, it differs botanically from Ocimum tenuiflorum, the traditional Ayurvedic Tulsi. Both plants offer spiritual importance and richly aromatic foliage, but their appearance, growth habits, and traditional uses differ. Gardeners who seek the smaller Ayurvedic species may also enjoy our Holy Basil Tulsi Plant.

The foliage naturally contains high levels of eugenol, the aromatic compound that gives cloves their familiar warm, spicy scent. You will especially notice its fragrance on hot afternoons, after rain, or whenever you gently brush the leaves.

This aromatic quality makes the African Basil Plant a memorable choice for sensory gardens, fragrant courtyards, and pathways. Position it near an entrance, outdoor entertaining area, or a garden path you use regularly to enjoy its perfume. Throughout Africa and tropical Asia, people have used its strongly flavoured leaves in culinary and traditional household applications for generations.

Unlike soft annual culinary basils, this species grows into a tough, branching shrub that can reach approximately two metres tall and 1.5 metres wide under favourable conditions. Its lush green foliage and upright form create a commanding ornamental presence, while its perennial growth lets it remain in the garden for more than one season.

Choose a protected, sunny position with rich, free-draining soil and reliable moisture. Once established, it becomes robust and vigorous. You will find it performs particularly well in Australia’s tropical and subtropical regions, but you must protect it from heavy frost. In cooler climates, grow it in a large container you can move into a sheltered position during winter.

If you want to start from seed, consider our Holy Basil seed. The African Basil Plant combines fragrance, ornamental stature, and centuries of cultural meaning in one unforgettable garden herb.